Catalytic properties of d – block elements:
Catalytic properties of d- block elements are mainly due to the following reasons:
1.The presence of vacant d orbitals.
2.They have the ability to exhibit variable
3.They have a tendency to form complex compounds.
Examples:
Platinum (Pt):
It is used as a catalyst in the manufacture of sulphuric acid (H₂SO₄).
Iron (Fe):
It is used as a catalyst in the manufacture of ammonia (NH₃) by the Haber process. Molybdenum is added as a promoter in this process.
Nickel (Ni):
It is used as a catalyst in the hydrogenation of oils.
Vanadium pentoxide (V₂O₅):
It is used as a catalyst for the oxidation of sulfur dioxide (SO₂) into sulfur trioxide (SO₃) for the manufacture of sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) in the contact process.
Manganese dioxide (MnO₂):
It is used as a catalyst in the decomposition of potassium chlorate (KClO₃) for the preparation of oxygen.
Cobalt salts:
These Catalyze the decomposition of bleaching powder.
Ziegler-Natta catalyst:TiCl₄ + (C₂H₅)₃Al;
It is an important catalyst having transition metals.
Wilkinson’s catalyst: (Ph₃P)₃Rh(I)Cl;
It also an important catalyst having transition metal.
Lindlar’s catalyst:
Pd/ BaSO₄ in presence of quinoline.
Adam’s catalyst: Pt/PtO It is used for reduction.
Brown’s catalyst: Nickel boride.